紹介
For much of the past two millennia philosophers have embraced a priori knowledge and have thought that the a priori plays an important role in philosophy itself. Philosophers from Plato to Descartes, Kant to Kripke, all endorse the a priori and engage in a priori reasoning in their philosophical discussions. Recent work in epistemology and experimental philosophy, however, has raised questions about both the existence of a priori knowledge and the centrality of the a priori for philosophy. This collection of essays aims to advance the discussion of the a priori and its role in philosophy by addressing four issues. The first is whether intuitions provide evidence for philosophical propositions, whether that evidence is a priori, and whether the results of experimental philosophy affect the evidential and a priori status of intuitions. The second is whether there are explanations of the a priori and what range of propositions can be justified and known a priori. The third is whether a priori justified beliefs are needed in order to avoid some skeptical worries. The fourth is whether certain recent challenges to the existence or significance of the a priori are successful.
The contributors include a mix of young and established philosophers, including some of the most prominent voices in philosophy today.
目次
Introduction
SECTION I: INTUITIONS, EXPERIMENTAL PHILOSOPHY, AND THE A PRIORI
1. Philosophical Naturalism and Intuitional Methodology
2. Experimental Philosophy and Apriority
3. The Implicit Conception and Intuition Theory of the a Priori, with Implications for Experimental Philosophy
4. The Prospects for an Experimentalist Rationalism, or Why It's Ok if the A Priori Is Only 99.44 Percent Empirically Pure
SECTION II: THE NATURE AND SCOPE OF THE A PRIORI
5. On the Armchair Justification of Conceptually Grounded Necessary Truths
6. Concepts, Teleology, and Rational Revision
7. A Priori Testimony Revisited
8. Intuitions and Foundations: The Relevance of Moore and Wittgenstein
SECTION III: SKEPTICISM AND THE A PRIORI
9. Skepticism, Reason and Reidianism
10. A Priori Bootstrapping
SECTION IV: CHALLENGES TO THE A PRIORI
11. Articulating the A Priori - A Posteriori Distinction
12. Naturalistic Challenges to the A Priori
13. How Deep is the Distinction between A Priori and A Posteriori Knowledge?